Considering the Hertz Knudsen formula, which gives the evaporation-condensation flux based on the kinetic theory for flat interface: More...

Inheritance diagram for kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >:

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Collaboration diagram for kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >:

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Public Member Functions
	TypeName ("kineticGasEvaporation")
	Runtime type information. More...

	kineticGasEvaporation (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)
	Construct from components. More...

virtual	~kineticGasEvaporation ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	Kexp (const volScalarField &field)
	Explicit total mass transfer coefficient. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	KSp (label modelVariable, const volScalarField &field)
	Implicit mass transfer coefficient. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	KSu (label modelVariable, const volScalarField &field)
	Explicit mass transfer coefficient. More...

virtual const dimensionedScalar &	Tactivate () const noexcept
	Return Tactivate. More...

virtual bool	includeDivU () const noexcept

Public Member Functions inherited from InterfaceCompositionModel< Thermo, OtherThermo >
	InterfaceCompositionModel (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)
	Construct from components. More...

	~InterfaceCompositionModel ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	dY (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const
	Mass fraction difference between the interface and the field. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	Yf (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const
	Reference mass fraction for species based models. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	D (const word &speciesName) const
	Mass diffusivity of the local thermo. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	L (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const
	Latent heat (to - from)(thermo - otherThermo) More...

	InterfaceCompositionModel (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)
	Construct from components. More...

	~InterfaceCompositionModel ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	dY (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const
	Mass fraction difference between the interface and the field. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	D (const word &speciesName) const
	Mass diffusivity. More...

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	L (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const
	Latent heat. More...

virtual void	addMDotL (const volScalarField &K, const volScalarField &Tf, volScalarField &mDotL, volScalarField &mDotLPrime) const
	Add latent heat flow rate to total. More...

template<class ThermoType >
const Foam::multiComponentMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const

template<class ThermoType >
const Foam::pureMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const pureMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const

template<class ThermoType >
Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField >	getSpecieMassFraction (const word &speciesName, const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &mixture) const

template<class ThermoType >
Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField >	getSpecieMassFraction (const word &speciesName, const pureMixture< ThermoType > &mixture) const

template<class ThermoType >
Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField >	MwMixture (const pureMixture< ThermoType > &mixture) const

template<class ThermoType >
Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField >	MwMixture (const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &mixture) const

Public Member Functions inherited from interfaceCompositionModel
	TypeName ("interfaceCompositionModel")
	Runtime type information. More...

	declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, interfaceCompositionModel, dictionary,(const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair),(dict, pair))

	interfaceCompositionModel (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)
	Construct from a dictionary and a phase pair. More...

virtual	~interfaceCompositionModel ()=default
	Destructor. More...

const word	transferSpecie () const
	Return the transferring species name. More...

const phasePair &	pair () const
	The phase pair. More...

bool	includeVolChange ()
	Add volume change in pEq. More...

const word &	variable () const
	Returns the variable on which the model is based. More...

	TypeName ("interfaceCompositionModel")
	Runtime type information. More...

	declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, interfaceCompositionModel, dictionary,(const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair),(dict, pair))

	interfaceCompositionModel (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)
	Construct from a dictionary and a phase pair. More...

virtual	~interfaceCompositionModel ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual void	update (const volScalarField &Tf)=0
	Update the composition. More...

const hashedWordList &	species () const
	The transferring species names. More...

bool	transports (word &speciesName) const

virtual tmp< volScalarField >	YfPrime (const word &speciesName, const volScalarField &Tf) const =0
	The interface mass fraction derivative w.r.t. temperature. More...

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from interfaceCompositionModel
enum	modelVariable { T, P, Y, alpha }
	Enumeration for variable based mass transfer models. More...

Static Public Member Functions inherited from interfaceCompositionModel
static autoPtr< interfaceCompositionModel >	New (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)

static autoPtr< interfaceCompositionModel >	New (const dictionary &dict, const phasePair &pair)

Protected Member Functions inherited from InterfaceCompositionModel< Thermo, OtherThermo >
template<class ThermoType >
const pureMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const pureMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const
	Get a reference to the local thermo for a pure mixture. More...

template<class ThermoType >
const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const
	Get a reference to the local thermo for a multi component mixture. More...

template<class ThermoType >
tmp< volScalarField >	getSpecieMassFraction (const word &speciesName, const pureMixture< ThermoType > &thermo) const
	Return mass fraction for a pureMixture equal to one. More...

template<class ThermoType >
tmp< volScalarField >	getSpecieMassFraction (const word &speciesName, const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &thermo) const
	Return mass fraction for speciesName. More...

template<class ThermoType >
tmp< volScalarField >	MwMixture (const pureMixture< ThermoType > &thermo) const
	Return moleculas weight of the mixture for pureMixture [Kg/mol]. More...

template<class ThermoType >
tmp< volScalarField >	MwMixture (const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &) const
	Return moleculas weight of the mixture for multiComponentMixture. More...

template<class ThermoType >
const pureMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const pureMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const
	Get a reference to the local thermo for a pure mixture. More...

template<class ThermoType >
const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType >::thermoType &	getLocalThermo (const word &speciesName, const multiComponentMixture< ThermoType > &globalThermo) const
	Get a reference to the local thermo for a multi component mixture. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from InterfaceCompositionModel< Thermo, OtherThermo >
const Thermo &	fromThermo_
	Thermo (from) More...

const OtherThermo &	toThermo_
	Other Thermo (to) More...

const dimensionedScalar	Le_
	Lewis number. More...

const Thermo &	thermo_
	Thermo. More...

const OtherThermo &	otherThermo_
	Other Thermo. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from interfaceCompositionModel
modelVariable	modelVariable_
	Enumeration for the model variable. More...

bool	includeVolChange_
	Add volume change in pEq. More...

const phasePair &	pair_
	Phase pair. More...

word	speciesName_
	Names of the transferring specie. More...

const fvMesh &	mesh_
	Reference to mesh. More...

const hashedWordList	speciesNames_
	Names of the transferring species. More...

Static Protected Attributes inherited from interfaceCompositionModel
static const Enum< modelVariable >	modelVariableNames_
	Selection names for the modelVariable. More...

Detailed Description

template<class Thermo, class OtherThermo>
class Foam::meltingEvaporationModels::kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >

Considering the Hertz Knudsen formula, which gives the evaporation-condensation flux based on the kinetic theory for flat interface:

\[ Flux = C \sqrt{\frac{M}{2 \pi R T_{activate}}}(p - p_{sat}) \]

where:

\( Flux \)	=	mass flux rate [kg/s/m2]
\( M \)	=	molecular weight
\( T_{activate} \)	=	saturation temperature
\( C \)	=	accommodation coefficient
\( R \)	=	universal gas constant
\( p_{sat} \)	=	saturation pressure
\( p \)	=	vapor partial pressure

The Clapeyron-Clausius equation relates the pressure to the temperature for the saturation condition:

\[ \frac{dp}{dT} = - \frac{L}{T (\nu_v - \nu_l)} \]

where:

\( L \)	=	latent heat
\( \nu_v \)	=	inverse of the vapor density
\( \nu_l \)	=	inverse of the liquid density

Using the above relations:

\[ Flux = 2 \frac{C}{2 - C} \sqrt{\frac{M}{2 \pi R {T_activate}^3}} L (\rho_{v}) (T - T_{activate}) \]

This assumes liquid and vapour are in equilibrium, then the accommodation coefficient are equivalent for the interface. This relation is known as the Hertz-Knudsen-Schrage.

Based on the reference:

Van P. Carey, Liquid-Vapor Phase Change Phenomena, ISBN 0-89116836, 1992, pp. 112-121.

Usage

Example usage:

massTransferModel
(
    (liquid to gas)
    {
        type                kineticGasEvaporation;
        species             vapour.gas;
        C                   0.1;
        isoAlpha            0.1;
        Tactivate           373;
    }
);

where:

Property	Description	Required	Default value
`C`	Coefficient (C > 0 for evaporation, C < 0 for
`condensation`)	yes
`includeVolChange`	Volumen change	no	yes
`isoAlpha`	iso-alpha for interface	no	0.5
`Tactivate`	Saturation temperature	yes
`species`	Specie name on the other phase	no	none

Source files

Definition at line 205 of file kineticGasEvaporation.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ kineticGasEvaporation()

kineticGasEvaporation	(	const dictionary &	dict,
		const phasePair &	pair
	)

Construct from components.

Definition at line 116 of file kineticGasEvaporation.C.

References Foam::abort(), Foam::constant::electromagnetic::e, Foam::FatalError, FatalErrorInFunction, and IOobject::member().

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◆ ~kineticGasEvaporation()

virtual ~kineticGasEvaporation ( )

virtualdefault

Destructor.

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

TypeName ( "kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >" )

Runtime type information.

◆ Kexp()

Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField > Kexp ( const volScalarField & field )

virtual

Explicit total mass transfer coefficient.

Implements interfaceCompositionModel.

Definition at line 193 of file kineticGasEvaporation.C.

References Foam::dimDensity, Foam::dimTemperature, phasePair::from(), L(), Foam::mag(), Foam::max(), IOobject::member(), mesh, Foam::constant::mathematical::pi(), Foam::pow3(), Foam::constant::physicoChemical::R, tmp< T >::ref(), phaseModel::rho(), Foam::sign(), Foam::sqrt(), Foam::T(), T0, phasePair::to(), and Foam::Zero.

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◆ KSp()

Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField > KSp	(	label	modelVariable,
		const volScalarField &	field
	)

virtual

Implicit mass transfer coefficient.

Implements interfaceCompositionModel.

Definition at line 269 of file kineticGasEvaporation.C.

References Foam::pos(), and Foam::sign().

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◆ KSu()

Foam::tmp< Foam::volScalarField > KSu	(	label	modelVariable,
		const volScalarField &	field
	)

virtual

Explicit mass transfer coefficient.

Implements interfaceCompositionModel.

Definition at line 297 of file kineticGasEvaporation.C.

References Foam::pos(), and Foam::sign().

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◆ Tactivate()

virtual const dimensionedScalar& Tactivate ( ) const

inlinevirtualnoexcept

Return Tactivate.

Implements interfaceCompositionModel.

Definition at line 282 of file kineticGasEvaporation.H.

◆ includeDivU()

virtual bool includeDivU ( ) const

inlinevirtualnoexcept

Add/subtract alpha*div(U) as a source term for alpha, substituting div(U) = mDot(1/rho1 - 1/rho2)

Reimplemented from interfaceCompositionModel.

Definition at line 289 of file kineticGasEvaporation.H.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

src/phaseSystemModels/multiphaseInter/phasesSystem/massTransferModels/kineticGasEvaporation/kineticGasEvaporation.H
src/phaseSystemModels/multiphaseInter/phasesSystem/massTransferModels/kineticGasEvaporation/kineticGasEvaporation.C

Public Member Functions

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

template<class Thermo, class OtherThermo> class Foam::meltingEvaporationModels::kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ kineticGasEvaporation()

◆ ~kineticGasEvaporation()

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

◆ Kexp()

◆ KSp()

◆ KSu()

◆ Tactivate()

◆ includeDivU()

template<class Thermo, class OtherThermo>
class Foam::meltingEvaporationModels::kineticGasEvaporation< Thermo, OtherThermo >