Extends the forces functionObject by providing coefficients for: More...

Inheritance diagram for forceCoeffs:

Collaboration diagram for forceCoeffs:

Public Member Functions
	TypeName ("forceCoeffs")
	Runtime type information. More...

	forceCoeffs (const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &, const bool readFields=true)
	Construct from Time and dictionary. More...

virtual	~forceCoeffs ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual bool	read (const dictionary &)
	Read the forces data. More...

virtual bool	execute ()
	Execute. More...

virtual bool	write ()
	Write the forces. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from forces
	TypeName ("forces")
	Runtime type information. More...

	forces (const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &dict, const bool readFields=true)
	Construct from Time and dictionary. More...

	forces (const word &name, const objectRegistry &obr, const dictionary &dict, const bool readFields=true)
	Construct from objectRegistry and dictionary. More...

virtual	~forces ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual void	calcForcesMoment ()
	Calculate the forces and moments. More...

virtual vector	forceEff () const
	Return the total force. More...

virtual vector	momentEff () const
	Return the total moment. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from fvMeshFunctionObject
	TypeName ("fvMeshFunctionObject")
	Runtime type information. More...

	fvMeshFunctionObject (const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from Time and dictionary. More...

	fvMeshFunctionObject (const word &name, const objectRegistry &obr, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from the region objectRegistry and dictionary. More...

virtual	~fvMeshFunctionObject ()=default
	Destructor. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from regionFunctionObject
	TypeName ("regionFunctionObject")
	Runtime type information. More...

	regionFunctionObject (const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from Time and dictionary. More...

	regionFunctionObject (const word &name, const objectRegistry &obr, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from the region objectRegistry and dictionary. More...

virtual	~regionFunctionObject ()=default
	Destructor. More...

template<class ObjectType >
const ObjectType *	lookupObjectPtr (const word &fieldName) const
	Deprecated(2018-10) More...

template<class ObjectType >
ObjectType *	lookupObjectRefPtr (const word &fieldName) const
	Deprecated(2018-10) More...

Public Member Functions inherited from stateFunctionObject
	stateFunctionObject (const word &name, const Time &runTime)
	Construct from components. More...

virtual	~stateFunctionObject ()=default
	Destructor. More...

dictionary &	propertyDict ()
	Return access to the property dictionary. More...

bool	foundProperty (const word &entryName) const
	Return true if the property exists. More...

void	clearTrigger ()
	Remove the trigger index from the properties. More...

label	getTrigger () const
	Get the current trigger index. More...

bool	setTrigger (const label triggeri, bool increaseOnly=true)
	Set the trigger index. Normally only if greater than current. More...

bool	getDict (const word &entryName, dictionary &dict) const
	Set dictionary, return true if set. More...

bool	getObjectDict (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, dictionary &dict) const
	Set dictionary from named object, return true if set. More...

template<class Type >
Type	getProperty (const word &entryName, const Type &defaultValue=Type(Zero)) const
	Retrieve generic property. More...

template<class Type >
bool	getProperty (const word &entryName, Type &value) const
	Set generic property, return true if set. More...

template<class Type >
void	setProperty (const word &entryName, const Type &value)
	Add generic property. More...

template<class Type >
Type	getObjectProperty (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, const Type &defaultValue=Type(Zero)) const
	Retrieve generic property from named object. More...

template<class Type >
bool	getObjectProperty (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, Type &value) const
	Set generic property from named object, return true if set. More...

template<class Type >
void	setObjectProperty (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, const Type &value)
	Add generic property from named object. More...

template<class Type >
void	setResult (const word &entryName, const Type &value)
	Add result. More...

template<class Type >
void	setObjectResult (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, const Type &value)
	Add result from named object. More...

template<class Type >
Type	getResult (const word &entryName, const Type &defaultValue=Type(Zero)) const
	Retrieve result. More...

template<class Type >
Type	getObjectResult (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, const Type &defaultValue=Type(Zero)) const
	Retrieve result from named object. More...

template<class Type >
bool	getObjectResult (const word &objectName, const word &entryName, Type &value) const
	Set result from named object, return true if set. More...

word	resultType (const word &entryName) const
	Retrieve the result type. More...

word	objectResultType (const word &objectName, const word &entryName) const
	Return the type of result. More...

wordList	objectResultEntries () const
	Retrieve the result entries. More...

wordList	objectResultEntries (const word &objectName) const
	Return result entries for named object. More...

void	writeResultEntries (Ostream &os) const
	Write the results entries for all objects to stream. More...

void	writeResultEntries (const word &objectName, Ostream &os) const
	Write the results entries for named object to stream. More...

void	writeAllResultEntries (Ostream &os) const
	Write the results entries for all objects to stream. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from timeFunctionObject
	timeFunctionObject (const word &name, const Time &runTime)
	Construct from Time. More...

virtual	~timeFunctionObject ()=default
	Destructor. More...

const Time &	time () const
	Return time database. More...

objectRegistry &	storedObjects ()

const objectRegistry &	storedObjects () const

Public Member Functions inherited from functionObject
	declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, functionObject, dictionary,(const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &dict),(name, runTime, dict))

	functionObject (const word &name, const bool withNamePrefix=defaultUseNamePrefix)
	Construct from components. More...

autoPtr< functionObject >	clone () const
	Return clone. More...

virtual	~functionObject ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual const word &	type () const =0
	Runtime type information. More...

const word &	name () const noexcept
	Return the name of this functionObject. More...

bool	useNamePrefix () const noexcept
	Return the flag for adding a scoping name prefix. More...

bool	useNamePrefix (bool on) noexcept
	Modify the flag for adding a scoping name prefix. More...

virtual bool	execute (const label subIndex)
	Execute using the specified subIndex. More...

virtual bool	end ()
	Called when Time::run() determines that the time-loop exits. More...

virtual bool	adjustTimeStep ()
	Called at the end of Time::adjustDeltaT() if adjustTime is true. More...

virtual bool	filesModified () const
	Did any file get changed during execution? More...

virtual void	updateMesh (const mapPolyMesh &mpm)
	Update for changes of mesh. More...

virtual void	movePoints (const polyMesh &mesh)
	Update for changes of mesh. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from writeFile
	writeFile (const objectRegistry &obr, const fileName &prefix, const word &name="undefined", const bool writeToFile=true)
	Construct from objectRegistry, prefix, fileName. More...

	writeFile (const objectRegistry &obr, const fileName &prefix, const word &name, const dictionary &dict, const bool writeToFile=true)

	writeFile (const writeFile &wf)
	Construct copy. More...

virtual	~writeFile ()=default
	Destructor. More...

virtual OFstream &	file ()
	Return access to the file (if only 1) More...

virtual bool	writeToFile () const
	Flag to allow writing to file. More...

virtual bool	canWriteHeader () const
	Flag to allow writing the header. More...

virtual label	charWidth () const
	Return width of character stream output. More...

virtual void	writeCommented (Ostream &os, const string &str) const
	Write a commented string to stream. More...

virtual void	writeTabbed (Ostream &os, const string &str) const
	Write a tabbed string to stream. More...

virtual void	writeHeader (Ostream &os, const string &str) const
	Write a commented header to stream. More...

virtual void	writeCurrentTime (Ostream &os) const
	Write the current time to stream. More...

virtual void	writeBreak (Ostream &os) const
	Write a break marker to the stream. More...

template<class Type >
void	writeHeaderValue (Ostream &os, const string &property, const Type &value) const
	Write a (commented) header property and value pair. More...

Protected Member Functions
void	createFiles ()
	Create the output files. More...

void	writeIntegratedHeader (const word &header, Ostream &os) const
	Write header for integrated data. More...

void	writeBinHeader (const word &header, Ostream &os) const
	Write header for binned data. More...

void	writeIntegratedData (const word &title, const List< Field< scalar >> &coeff) const
	Write integrated data. More...

void	writeBinData (const List< Field< scalar >> coeffs, Ostream &os) const
	Write binned data. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from forces
void	createFiles ()
	Create the output files. More...

void	writeIntegratedHeader (const word &header, Ostream &os) const
	Write header for integrated data. More...

void	writeBinHeader (const word &header, Ostream &os) const
	Write header for binned data. More...

void	setCoordinateSystem (const dictionary &dict, const word &e3Name=word::null, const word &e1Name=word::null)
	Set the co-ordinate system from dictionary and axes names. More...

void	initialise ()
	Initialise the fields. More...

void	initialiseBins ()
	Initialise the collection bins. More...

void	resetFields ()
	Reset the fields prior to accumulation of force/moments. More...

tmp< volSymmTensorField >	devRhoReff () const
	Return the effective viscous stress (laminar + turbulent). More...

tmp< volScalarField >	mu () const
	Dynamic viscosity field. More...

tmp< volScalarField >	rho () const
	Return rho if specified otherwise rhoRef. More...

scalar	rho (const volScalarField &p) const
	Return rhoRef if the pressure field is dynamic, i.e. p/rho. More...

void	applyBins (const vectorField &Md, const vectorField &fN, const vectorField &fT, const vectorField &fP, const vectorField &d)
	Accumulate bin data. More...

void	addToFields (const label patchi, const vectorField &Md, const vectorField &fN, const vectorField &fT, const vectorField &fP)
	Add patch contributions to force and moment fields. More...

void	addToFields (const labelList &cellIDs, const vectorField &Md, const vectorField &fN, const vectorField &fT, const vectorField &fP)
	Add cell contributions to force and moment fields. More...

void	writeIntegratedForceMoment (const string &descriptor, const vectorField &fm0, const vectorField &fm1, const vectorField &fm2, autoPtr< OFstream > &osPtr) const
	Helper function to write integrated forces and moments. More...

void	writeForces ()
	Write force data. More...

void	writeBinnedForceMoment (const List< Field< vector >> &fm, autoPtr< OFstream > &osPtr) const
	Helper function to write binned forces and moments. More...

void	writeBins ()
	Write binned data. More...

	forces (const forces &)=delete
	No copy construct. More...

void	operator= (const forces &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from fvMeshFunctionObject
	fvMeshFunctionObject (const fvMeshFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy construct. More...

void	operator= (const fvMeshFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from regionFunctionObject
virtual const objectRegistry &	obr () const
	The region or sub-region registry being used. More...

template<class ObjectType >
bool	foundObject (const word &fieldName) const
	Find object (eg, a field) in the (sub) objectRegistry. More...

template<class ObjectType >
const ObjectType *	cfindObject (const word &fieldName) const

template<class ObjectType >
const ObjectType *	findObject (const word &fieldName) const

template<class ObjectType >
ObjectType *	findObject (const word &fieldName)

template<class ObjectType >
ObjectType *	getObjectPtr (const word &fieldName) const

template<class ObjectType >
const ObjectType &	lookupObject (const word &fieldName) const
	Lookup and return object (eg, a field) from the (sub) objectRegistry. More...

template<class ObjectType >
ObjectType &	lookupObjectRef (const word &fieldName) const
	Lookup and return object (eg, a field) from the (sub) objectRegistry. More...

template<class ObjectType >
bool	store (word &fieldName, const tmp< ObjectType > &tfield, bool cacheable=false)
	Store the field in the (sub) objectRegistry under the given name. More...

template<class ObjectType >
bool	storeInDb (const word &fieldName, const tmp< ObjectType > &tfield, const objectRegistry &obr)
	Store the field in an optional objectRegistry under the given name. More...

bool	writeObject (const word &fieldName)
	Write field if present in the (sub) objectRegistry. More...

bool	clearObject (const word &fieldName)
	Clear field from the (sub) objectRegistry if present. More...

void	clearObjects (const wordList &objNames)
	Clear fields from the (sub) objectRegistry if present. More...

	regionFunctionObject (const regionFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy construct. More...

void	operator= (const regionFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from stateFunctionObject
const functionObjects::properties &	stateDict () const
	Return a const reference to the state dictionary. More...

functionObjects::properties &	stateDict ()
	Return non-const access to the state dictionary. More...

	stateFunctionObject (const stateFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy construct. More...

void	operator= (const stateFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from timeFunctionObject
void	clearOutputObjects (const wordList &objNames)
	Remove specified items from "functionObjectObjects". More...

	timeFunctionObject (const timeFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy construct. More...

void	operator= (const timeFunctionObject &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from functionObject
word	scopedName (const word &name) const
	Return a scoped (prefixed) name. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from writeFile
void	initStream (Ostream &os) const
	Initialise the output stream for writing. More...

fileName	baseFileDir () const
	Return the base directory for output. More...

fileName	baseTimeDir () const
	Return the base directory for the current time value. More...

virtual autoPtr< OFstream >	createFile (const word &name, scalar timeValue) const
	Return autoPtr to a new file for a given time. More...

virtual autoPtr< OFstream >	createFile (const word &name) const
	Return autoPtr to a new file using the simulation start time. More...

virtual void	resetFile (const word &name)
	Reset internal file pointer to new file with new name. More...

Omanip< int >	valueWidth (const label offset=0) const
	Return the value width when writing to stream with optional offset. More...

void	operator= (const writeFile &)=delete
	No copy assignment. More...

Additional Inherited Members
Static Public Member Functions inherited from functionObject
static autoPtr< functionObject >	New (const word &name, const Time &runTime, const dictionary &dict)
	Select from dictionary, based on its "type" entry. More...

Public Attributes inherited from functionObject
bool	log
	Flag to write log into Info. More...

Static Public Attributes inherited from functionObject
static int	debug
	Flag to execute debug content. More...

static bool	postProcess
	Global post-processing mode switch. More...

static bool	defaultUseNamePrefix
	Global default for useNamePrefix. More...

static word	outputPrefix
	Directory prefix. More...

Static Public Attributes inherited from writeFile
static label	addChars = 8
	Additional characters for writing. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from forces
List< Field< vector > >	force_
	Pressure, viscous and porous force per bin. More...

List< Field< vector > >	moment_
	Pressure, viscous and porous moment per bin. More...

autoPtr< OFstream >	forceFilePtr_
	Forces. More...

autoPtr< OFstream >	momentFilePtr_
	Moments. More...

autoPtr< OFstream >	forceBinFilePtr_
	Force bins. More...

autoPtr< OFstream >	momentBinFilePtr_
	Moment bins. More...

labelHashSet	patchSet_
	Patches to integrate forces over. More...

word	pName_
	Name of pressure field. More...

word	UName_
	Name of velocity field. More...

word	rhoName_
	Name of density field (optional) More...

Switch	directForceDensity_
	Is the force density being supplied directly? More...

word	fDName_
	The name of the force density (fD) field. More...

scalar	rhoRef_
	Reference density needed for incompressible calculations. More...

scalar	pRef_
	Reference pressure. More...

autoPtr< coordinateSystem >	coordSysPtr_
	Coordinate system used when evaluating forces/moments. More...

bool	porosity_
	Flag to include porosity effects. More...

label	nBin_
	Number of bins. More...

vector	binDir_
	Direction used to determine bin orientation. More...

scalar	binDx_
	Distance between bin divisions. More...

scalar	binMin_
	Minimum bin bounds. More...

scalar	binMax_
	Maximum bin bounds. More...

List< point >	binPoints_
	Bin positions along binDir. More...

bool	binCumulative_
	Should bin data be cumulative? More...

bool	writeFields_
	Write fields flag. More...

bool	initialised_
	Initialised flag. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from fvMeshFunctionObject
const fvMesh &	mesh_
	Reference to the fvMesh. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from regionFunctionObject
word	subRegistryName_
	Name for alternative object registry. More...

const objectRegistry &	obr_
	Reference to the region objectRegistry. More...

const objectRegistry *	obrPtr_
	Pointer to alternative (eg, sub-region) objectRegistry. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from timeFunctionObject
const Time &	time_
	Reference to the time database. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from writeFile
const objectRegistry &	fileObr_
	Reference to the region objectRegistry. More...

const fileName	prefix_
	Prefix. More...

word	fileName_
	Name of file. More...

autoPtr< OFstream >	filePtr_
	File pointer. More...

label	writePrecision_
	Write precision. More...

bool	writeToFile_
	Flag to enable/disable writing to file. More...

bool	updateHeader_

bool	writtenHeader_
	Flag to identify whether the header has been written. More...

bool	useUserTime_

scalar	startTime_
	Start time value. More...

Detailed Description

Extends the forces functionObject by providing coefficients for:

- drag, side and lift forces (Cd, Cs, and Cl)

roll, pitch and yaw moments (CmRoll, CmPitch, and CmYaw)
front and rear axle force contributions (C(f) and C(r)) wherein

    Cd(f/r) = 0.5*Cd \pm CmRoll
    Cs(f/r) = 0.5*Cs \pm CmYaw
    Cl(f/r) = 0.5*Cl \pm CmPitch

The data can optionally be output into bins, defined in a given direction.

The binned data provides the total and consitituent components per bin:

total coefficient
pressure coefficient contribution
viscous coefficient contribution
porous coefficient contribution

Data is written into multiple files in the postProcessing/<functionObjectName> directory:

coefficient.dat : integrated coefficients over all geometries
CdBin.dat : drag coefficient bins
CsBin.dat : side coefficient bins
ClBin.dat : lift coefficient bins
CmRollBin.dat : roll moment coefficient bins
CmPitchBin.dat : pitch moment coefficient bins
CmYawBin.dat : yaw moment coefficient bins

Usage

Example of function object specification:

forceCoeffs1
{
    type        forceCoeffs;
    libs        (forces);
    ...
    log         yes;
    writeFields yes;
    patches     (walls);

    // input keywords for directions of force/moment coefficients
    // refer below for options, and relations

    magUInf     100;
    lRef        3.5;
    Aref        2.2;
    porosity    no;

    binData
    {
        nBin        20;
        direction   (1 0 0);
        cumulative  yes;
    }
}

Where the entries comprise:

Property	Description	Required	Default
`type`	Type name: forceCoeffs	yes
`log`	Write force data to standard output	no	no
`writeFields`	Write force,moment coefficient fields	no	no
`patches`	Patches included in the forces calculation	yes
`magUInf`	Free stream velocity magnitude	yes
`rhoInf`	Free stream density	for compressible cases
`lRef`	Reference length scale for moment calculations	yes
`Aref`	Reference area	yes
`porosity`	Include porosity contributions	no	false

Bin data is optional, but if the dictionary is present, the entries must be defined according to following:

nBin	Number of data bins	yes
`direction`	Direction along which bins are defined	yes
`cumulative`	Bin data accumulated with incresing distance	yes

Input of force/moment coefficient directions:

require an origin, and two orthogonal directions; the remaining orthogonal direction is determined accordingly.
can be added by the three options below.

        CofR        (0 0 0); // Centre of rotation
        dragDir     (1 0 0);
        liftDir     (0 0 1);

        origin (0 0 0);
        e1     (1 0 0);
        e3     (0 0 1); // combinations: (e1, e2) or (e2, e3) or (e3, e1)

        coordinateSystem
        {
            origin  (0 0 0);
            rotation
            {
                type axes;
                e1 (1 0 0);
                e3 (0 0 1); // combinations: (e1, e2) or (e2, e3) or (e3, e1)
            }
        }

The default direction relations are shown below:

Property	Description	Alias	Direction
`dragDir`	Drag direction	e1	(1 0 0)
`sideDir`	Side force direction	e2	(0 1 0)
`liftDir`	Lift direction	e3	(0 0 1)
`rollAxis`	Roll axis	e1	(1 0 0)
`pitchAxis`	Pitch axis	e2	(0 1 0)
`yawAxis`	Yaw axis	e3	(0 0 1)

See also: Foam::functionObject Foam::functionObjects::timeControl Foam::functionObjects::forces

Source files

Definition at line 281 of file forceCoeffs.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ forceCoeffs()

forceCoeffs	(	const word &	name,
		const Time &	runTime,
		const dictionary &	dict,
		const bool	readFields = `true`
	)

Construct from Time and dictionary.

Definition at line 234 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References dict, Foam::endl(), Foam::Info, and Foam::read().

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◆ ~forceCoeffs()

virtual ~forceCoeffs ( )

virtualdefault

Destructor.

Member Function Documentation

◆ createFiles()

void createFiles ( )

protected

Create the output files.

Definition at line 53 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References writeFile::createFile(), forces::nBin_, forceCoeffs::writeBinHeader(), forceCoeffs::writeIntegratedHeader(), and writeFile::writeToFile().

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◆ writeIntegratedHeader()

void writeIntegratedHeader	(	const word &	header,
		Ostream &	os
	)		const

protected

Write header for integrated data.

Definition at line 87 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References Foam::endl(), os(), and Foam::writeHeader().

Referenced by forceCoeffs::createFiles().

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◆ writeBinHeader()

void writeBinHeader	(	const word &	header,
		Ostream &	os
	)		const

protected

Write header for binned data.

Definition at line 123 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References Foam::endl(), forAll, Foam::jn(), Foam::name(), Foam::nl, os(), Foam::tab, and Foam::writeHeader().

Referenced by forceCoeffs::createFiles().

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◆ writeIntegratedData()

void writeIntegratedData	(	const word &	title,
		const List< Field< scalar >> &	coeff
	)		const

protected

Write integrated data.

Definition at line 178 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References Foam::endl(), Foam::Info, Foam::sum(), and token::TAB.

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◆ writeBinData()

void writeBinData	(	const List< Field< scalar >>	coeffs,
		Ostream &	os
	)		const

protected

Write binned data.

Definition at line 208 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References Foam::endl(), os(), and Foam::tab.

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◆ TypeName()

TypeName ( "forceCoeffs" )

Runtime type information.

◆ read()

bool read ( const dictionary & dict )

virtual

Read the forces data.

Reimplemented from forces.

Definition at line 264 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References dict, Foam::dimless, IOobject::NO_READ, IOobject::NO_WRITE, forces::read(), and Foam::Zero.

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◆ execute()

bool execute ( )

virtual

Execute.

Reimplemented from forces.

Definition at line 328 of file forceCoeffs.C.

References forces::calcForcesMoment(), Foam::dimForce, Foam::dimLength, dragCoeffs(), Foam::endl(), forAll, Log, Foam::name(), Foam::nl, pDyn(), List< T >::setSize(), Foam::sqr(), Foam::sum(), Foam::tab, and Foam::type().

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◆ write()

bool write ( )

virtual

Write the forces.

Reimplemented from forces.

Definition at line 495 of file forceCoeffs.C.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

src/functionObjects/forces/forceCoeffs/forceCoeffs.H
src/functionObjects/forces/forceCoeffs/forceCoeffs.C

Public Member Functions

Protected Member Functions

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ forceCoeffs()

◆ ~forceCoeffs()

Member Function Documentation

◆ createFiles()

◆ writeIntegratedHeader()

◆ writeBinHeader()

◆ writeIntegratedData()

◆ writeBinData()

◆ TypeName()

◆ read()

◆ execute()

◆ write()